2019
Reunanen, Markku
Trackerit: Paradigman synty, kukoistus ja myöhemmät vaiheet Journal Article
In: Musiikki, vol. 49, iss. 2-3, pp. 14-31, 2019, ISSN: 0355-1059.
Abstract | Links | Tags: Hobbies, Media history, Musiikki, Trackerit
@article{Reunanen2019b,
title = {Trackerit: Paradigman synty, kukoistus ja myöhemmät vaiheet},
author = {Markku Reunanen},
url = {https://musiikki.journal.fi/article/view/87867},
issn = {0355-1059},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-12-02},
journal = {Musiikki},
volume = {49},
issue = {2-3},
pages = {14-31},
abstract = {Trackerit ovat tietokoneiden musiikkiohjelmia, joiden historia ylettyy yli kolmenkymmenen vuoden päähän. Ne kytkeytyvät tiukasti kotitietokoneiden his-toriaan, eikä ole liioittelua väittää, että ne toivat aiemmin saavuttamattomissa olleet digitaaliset sävellystyökalut harrastajien saataville 1980-luvun kuluessa. Kolmen vuosikymmenensä aikana trackereita on käytetty kaupallisiin ja harrastustarkoituksiin, ja niiden ympärille on syntynyt aktiivista harrastuskulttuuria. Tässä artikkelissa käyn läpi trackerien historiaa, ominaispiirteitä ja käyttökohteita. Tutkimusaineistona on 60 tracker-ohjelmaa ja kuusi niiden tekijöiden haas-tattelua. Tutkimustuloksissa korostuvat trackerien ja aikalaisteknologian välinen tiivis suhde, ohjelmien tekijöiden taustat ja mielenkiinnon kohteet sekä paradigman vaiheittainen kehitys nykyiseen muotoonsa.
Trackers are music software whose history spans over thirty decades. They are tightly linked to the history of home computers, and they made previously unreachable digital composition tools available to enthusiasts in the 1980s. Over the years trackers have been used both for commercial and non-commercial purposes, for example games and demos, and they have given rise to lively hobbyist communities. In this article, I go through the history of trackers, their characteristics and typical uses. The study is based on the analysis of 60 tracker programs and six interviews of their creators. The findings highlight the tight link between trackers and computer hardware, the reasons why authors wanted to create such software, and the gradual evolution of the paradigm.},
keywords = {Hobbies, Media history, Musiikki, Trackerit},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Trackerit ovat tietokoneiden musiikkiohjelmia, joiden historia ylettyy yli kolmenkymmenen vuoden päähän. Ne kytkeytyvät tiukasti kotitietokoneiden his-toriaan, eikä ole liioittelua väittää, että ne toivat aiemmin saavuttamattomissa olleet digitaaliset sävellystyökalut harrastajien saataville 1980-luvun kuluessa. Kolmen vuosikymmenensä aikana trackereita on käytetty kaupallisiin ja harrastustarkoituksiin, ja niiden ympärille on syntynyt aktiivista harrastuskulttuuria. Tässä artikkelissa käyn läpi trackerien historiaa, ominaispiirteitä ja käyttökohteita. Tutkimusaineistona on 60 tracker-ohjelmaa ja kuusi niiden tekijöiden haas-tattelua. Tutkimustuloksissa korostuvat trackerien ja aikalaisteknologian välinen tiivis suhde, ohjelmien tekijöiden taustat ja mielenkiinnon kohteet sekä paradigman vaiheittainen kehitys nykyiseen muotoonsa.
Trackers are music software whose history spans over thirty decades. They are tightly linked to the history of home computers, and they made previously unreachable digital composition tools available to enthusiasts in the 1980s. Over the years trackers have been used both for commercial and non-commercial purposes, for example games and demos, and they have given rise to lively hobbyist communities. In this article, I go through the history of trackers, their characteristics and typical uses. The study is based on the analysis of 60 tracker programs and six interviews of their creators. The findings highlight the tight link between trackers and computer hardware, the reasons why authors wanted to create such software, and the gradual evolution of the paradigm.
Trackers are music software whose history spans over thirty decades. They are tightly linked to the history of home computers, and they made previously unreachable digital composition tools available to enthusiasts in the 1980s. Over the years trackers have been used both for commercial and non-commercial purposes, for example games and demos, and they have given rise to lively hobbyist communities. In this article, I go through the history of trackers, their characteristics and typical uses. The study is based on the analysis of 60 tracker programs and six interviews of their creators. The findings highlight the tight link between trackers and computer hardware, the reasons why authors wanted to create such software, and the gradual evolution of the paradigm.
Chia, Aleena
The Moral Calculus of Vocational Passion in Digital Gaming Journal Article
In: Television & New Media, vol. 20, iss. 8, pp. 767-777, 2019, ISSN: 1527-4764.
Abstract | Links | Tags: Digital games, Digital labor, Hobbies, New economy, Passionate work
@article{Chia2019,
title = {The Moral Calculus of Vocational Passion in Digital Gaming},
author = {Aleena Chia},
doi = {10.1177/1527476419851079},
issn = {1527-4764},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-23},
journal = {Television & New Media},
volume = {20},
issue = {8},
pages = {767-777},
abstract = {The desire to “do what you love” energizes employment and engagement in creative industries such as digital gaming yet drains hobbyists and aspirants by normalizing expectations to sacrifice job security for passionate work. This article investigates how individuals regulate their aspirations through taken-for-granted trade-offs between vocational compromise and compensation. Multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork with players at fan conventions and recruitment events in North America suggests a moral calculus of corruption and sublimation between passion and profit, which can be traced back to industrialization’s cleavage of labor from recreation and its institution of hobbies as productive leisure. Building on existing research about waged labor’s imagined denigration of hobbies, this argument juxtaposes the passion that is corruptible by work and the passion that promises to sublimate work from drudgery. Interrogating this confounding logic cultivates counter-narratives for purposeful livelihoods beyond industrial-era notions of productivity and neoliberal notions of passion.},
keywords = {Digital games, Digital labor, Hobbies, New economy, Passionate work},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The desire to “do what you love” energizes employment and engagement in creative industries such as digital gaming yet drains hobbyists and aspirants by normalizing expectations to sacrifice job security for passionate work. This article investigates how individuals regulate their aspirations through taken-for-granted trade-offs between vocational compromise and compensation. Multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork with players at fan conventions and recruitment events in North America suggests a moral calculus of corruption and sublimation between passion and profit, which can be traced back to industrialization’s cleavage of labor from recreation and its institution of hobbies as productive leisure. Building on existing research about waged labor’s imagined denigration of hobbies, this argument juxtaposes the passion that is corruptible by work and the passion that promises to sublimate work from drudgery. Interrogating this confounding logic cultivates counter-narratives for purposeful livelihoods beyond industrial-era notions of productivity and neoliberal notions of passion.